Development and manufacturing of lithium-ion battery cells, battery systems and battery recycling
Northvolt AB
Stockholm (SE) · Skellefteå (SE) · Västerås (SE) · Gdańsk (PL) · Heide (DE) · Gothenburg (SE) · Montréal (CA) · Fredrikstad (NO) · Setúbal (PT)New on Amplifa
About Northvolt
Northvolt AB was a Swedish manufacturer of lithium-ion batteries headquartered in Stockholm, founded in 2016 by Peter Carlsson and Paolo Cerruti, both formerly in leading positions at Tesla. The company developed and manufactured battery cells based on lithium-ion, sodium-ion and lithium-metal technology as well as cathode active material, and assembled battery modules and packs. At the Skellefteå site, Northvolt operated Northvolt Ett, a gigafactory for cell production, and the Revolt Ett recycling plant; the R&D center Northvolt Labs was located in Västerås. Other sites included module and pack assembly in Gdańsk (Poland), joint ventures with Volvo Cars in Gothenburg, Norsk Hydro (Hydrovolt recycling) and Galp (lithium conversion, Aurora Lithium). The goal was an installed cell capacity of over 150 GWh; customers came from the automotive, e-mobility, construction, stationary energy storage and industrial sectors. In November 2024, Northvolt filed for Chapter 11 in the USA, and in March 2025 for bankruptcy in Sweden; the essential assets were transferred to Scania and Lyten in 2025.
- Site
- 112 47 Stockholm
- Processes
- Lithium-ion battery cell manufacturing (cathode active material and cell production), Battery module and pack assembly, Battery recycling (Revolt Ett / Revolt Pilot / Hydrovolt), R&D and industrialization of lithium-ion, sodium-ion and, Lithium refining/conversion (Aurora Lithium joint venture), Battery systems development (modules and packs, systems engineering hub), Battery cell development (lithium-ion, sodium-ion, lithium-metal), Cell production
- Materials
- Lithium-ion, Sodium-ion, Lithium-metal, Lithium, Cathode active material
- Certificates
- ISO 9001, IATF 16949
- Founded
- 2016
- Employees
- 5500
- Industries
- Automotive, E-mobility, Construction, Disruptors, Grid (stationary energy storage), Industrial
- 01
Battery cell development (Northvolt Labs)
- 02
Cathode active material production
- 03
Cell production (Northvolt Ett)
- 04
Module and pack assembly (Northvolt Dwa)
- 05
Battery recycling (Revolt, Hydrovolt)
Materials & Processes
Lithium-ion
Core product for e-mobility, stationary energy storage and industrial applications.
Sodium-ion
Next generation of battery technologies developed at Northvolt Labs.
Lithium-metal
Further development since 2024 at the R&D site Västerås, previously via the subsidiary Cuberg.
Cathode active material
In-house production in Skellefteå for vertical integration of cell manufacturing.
Sites
Skellefteå
SENorthvolt Ett gigafactory (cathode material & cell production) + Revolt Ett recycling
- Materials
- Lithium-ion, cathode active material
- Northvolt Ett gigafactory
- Revolt Ett recycling plant
Västerås
SENorthvolt Labs R&D + Revolt pilot plant
- Materials
- Lithium-ion, sodium-ion, lithium-metal
- Northvolt Labs R&D
- Revolt pilot plant
Gdańsk
PLNorthvolt Dwa: module/pack assembly and service center
- Materials
- Lithium-ion
- Module and pack assembly
Stockholm
SEHeadquarters (Volthouse) and systems engineering hub
Heide
DENorthvolt Drei gigafactory (planned, never operational)
Gothenburg
SENovo Energy JV with Volvo Cars (gigafactory & R&D)
Montréal
CANorthvolt Six gigafactory (planned)
Fredrikstad
NOHydrovolt JV with Norsk Hydro (recycling)
Setúbal
PTAurora Lithium JV with Galp (lithium conversion)
- Materials
- Lithium
Components & Products
Inside the production
Industries
Processes & technical limits
| Processes | Tolerance | Max. part | Weight | Lot size | Materials |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lithium-ion battery cell manufacturing (cathode active material and cell production)Joining | – | – | – | – | Lithium-ion |
| Battery module and pack assemblyAssembly | – | – | – | – | Lithium-ion |
| Battery recycling (Revolt Ett / Revolt Pilot / Hydrovolt)Other | – | – | – | – | – |
| R&D and industrialization of lithium-ion, sodium-ion andEngineering | – | – | – | – | Lithium-ion, Sodium-ion, Lithium-metal |
| Lithium refining/conversion (Aurora Lithium joint venture)Other | – | – | – | – | Lithium |
| Battery systems development (modules and packs, systems engineering hub)Engineering | – | – | – | – | – |
5 Anlagen & Maschinen
| Machine | Manufacturer / model | Quantity | Working area | Year built | Site |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gigafactory (battery cell production) | Northvolt Northvolt Ett | 1 | – | – | Skellefteå, Sweden |
| R&D center (R&D) | Northvolt Northvolt Labs | 1 | – | – | Västerås, Sweden |
| Battery module/pack assembly plant | Northvolt Northvolt Dwa | 1 | – | – | Gdańsk, Poland |
| Recycling plant | Northvolt Revolt Ett | 1 | – | – | Skellefteå, Sweden |
| Recycling pilot plant | Northvolt Revolt Pilot Plant | 1 | – | – | Västerås, Sweden |
Additional services
Reference customers
Quality
Quality was ensured through in-house R&D and production platforms as well as software for battery management, product traceability and remote access. A documented certification program is not evidenced in the sources.
| Evidence | Skellefteå |
|---|---|
| ISO 9001 | |
| IATF 16949 |
History
- 2015
Founding as SGF Energy by Peter Carlsson and Paolo Cerruti (ex-Tesla) according to EN-Wikipedia; DE-Wikipedia states October 2016.
- 2016
Founding (according to DE-Wikipedia) with Vargas Holdings.
- 2017
Renaming to Northvolt; plans for a European gigafactory presented; EIB loan for demonstration plant in Västerås.
- 2018
Construction work in Skellefteå and Västerås; joint venture with South Bay Solutions in Gdańsk; building permit for Northvolt Ett.
- 2019
Capital increase of USD 1 billion; EIB loan of EUR 350 million; investors included BMW, VW, Goldman Sachs and Folksam.
- 2020
Hydrovolt joint venture with Norsk Hydro in Fredrikstad; VW ends the Salzgitter plans.
- 2021
First battery in Skellefteå (December); acquisition of Cuberg.
- 2022
First customer deliveries; joint venture with Volvo Cars in Gothenburg; collaboration with Stora Enso; Aurora Lithium JV with Galp.
- 2023
Around 5800 employees; USD 1.2 billion financing for the Canada plant; net loss of around USD 1 billion in the first nine months.
- 2024
BMW cancellation (2 billion EUR); announcement of 1600 job cuts; Chapter 11 on 21.11.2024; resignation of Peter Carlsson; Volvo takes over NOVO Energy.
- 2025
12.03.2025 bankruptcy in Sweden; sale of the Hydrovolt shares; April 2025: Scania takes over Northvolt Systems Industrial; August 2025: Lyten takes over the Skellefteå and Västerås sites, the Heide plans and intellectual property.